Joseph M. Bartholomew Sr. Golf Course

The golf course at Pontchartrain Park in New Orleans opened in 1956 as part of a park the city built for African Americans on drained cypress swamp, which The Cultural Landscape Foundation calls a Jim Crow-era municipal response to demand for public recreation. It was designed and built by Joseph M. Bartholomew Sr., the Black New Orleans golf professional and course builder. In 1979 it was renovated and renamed for him. Hurricane Katrina's levee breaches in 2005 flooded the park under more than ten feet of water and destroyed the clubhouse; architect Garrett Gill rebuilt the course on Bartholomew's routing, and it reopened in 2011.